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Common Disabilities

Dyslexia

  • Characteristics include:

    • ​difficulty with phonemic awareness (the ability to notice, think about and work with individual sounds in words) „

    • phonological processing (detecting and discriminating differences in phonemes or speech sounds) „

    • difficulties with word decoding, fluency, rate of reading, rhyming, spelling, vocabulary, comprehension and written expression

Dyscalculia

  • Characteristics include:

    • difficulty with counting, learning number facts and doing math calculations „

    • difficulty with measurement, telling time, counting money and estimating number quantities „

    • trouble with mental math and problem-solving strategies

Dysgraphia

  • Characteristics include:

    • tight, awkward pencil grip and body position „

    • tiring quickly while writing, and avoiding writing or drawing tasks „

    • trouble forming letter shapes as well as inconsistent spacing between letters or words

    • difficulty writing or drawing on a line or within margins „

    • trouble organizing thoughts on paper „

    • trouble keeping track of thoughts already written down „

    • difficulty with syntax structure and grammar „

ADHD

  • Characteristics include:

    •  significant inattention

    • significant hyperactivity

    • significant distractibility

    • a combination of these characteristics​​

National Center for Learning Disabilities. (2014). The State of Learning Disabilities [Brochure]. Author. Retrieved from https://www.ncld.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2014-State-of-LD.pdf

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